11 public questions tagged with this topic.
Ti plasmid derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used as a vector in plant genetic_x000D_ engineering.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications Ethical Issues - GEAC and Animal Ethics
Agrobacterium vectors are commonly used to introduce nematode-specific genes into host plants for pest_x000D_ resistance.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications Ethical Issues - GEAC and Animal Ethics
Plasmids are used as vectors in recombinant DNA technology to produce human insulin in E. coli.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications Medical Applications - Genetically Engineered Insulin
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA molecules used as vectors to carry and transfer genes in bacteria.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Bioreactors and Downstream Processing
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a disarmed pathogen used as a vector to transfer genes into plants through its Ti plasmid.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Competent Host and Gene Transfer Methods
The Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is commonly used as a vector for gene transfer in plants.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Cloning Vectors - Plasmids Phages Cosmids Selectable Markers Ori
Vectors, such as plasmids, carry and replicate foreign DNA within a host organism, allowing gene cloning.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Principles of Biotechnology - Genetic Engineering
Vectors, such as plasmids, are used to carry and replicate foreign DNA inside host cells for cloning.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Principles of Biotechnology - Genetic Engineering
Recombinant DNA technology involves inserting foreign DNA into a host using a vector for genetic modification.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Search for Genetic Material and RNA World
YAC cloning involves ligation of insert DNA between two arms each carrying telomere, selection marker and centromere. Linearized vector without insert can recircularize through non-homologous end joining, regenerating empty YAC. SUP4, encoding suppressor tRNA for ochre mutation, serves as distinguishing marker. When SUP4 is interrupted by insert, suppressor phenotype is lost, producing red colonies in ade2-101 background, while religated empty vector retains functional SUP4 giving white colonies. CEN, ARS, URA3, TRP1 present in both forms cannot differentiate. SUP4 inactivation provides positive visual indication of recombinant formation versus vector background.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.
Agarose gel analysis of recombinant plasmid digested with enzymes flanking insertion site normally separates vector backbone from insert as two bands. If vector alone is 3 kb and after cloning digestion still shows only a single 3 kb band of double intensity, interpretation requires understanding overlapping migration. Total recombinant is 6 kb; digestion releases 3 kb vector and 3 kb insert of identical size that co-migrate as one intense band. Without additional enzymes or size markers, single band may be misinterpreted, but careful intensity comparison indicates insert size equals vector size, here 3 kb.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.
