Biochemistry - Part 2

Biochemistry - Part 2

E. coli RNA polymerase has six subunits two α, one β, one βᶦ, one ω and one σ. Which among these subunits imparts specif

The principle of nucleic acid structure and recombination explains that hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Hence σ, by binding to both -10 and -35 sequences fits best because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, as documented in authoritative sources on molecular biology.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

Which one of the following is NOT enriched in eukaryotic promoters located in active chromatin?

Mechanistically, nucleic acid structure and recombination involves hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. This validates Methylated cytosine because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, a pattern repeatedly demonstrated in molecular biology research.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

If a 1000 kb fragment of DNA has 10 evenly spaced and symmetric replication origins and DNA polymerase moves at 1 kb per

This outcome reflects nucleic acid structure and recombination, where hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Option C captures this correctly because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, consistent with textbook descriptions and experimental observations in molecular biology.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

In a segment of a transcribed gene, the non-template strand of DNA has the following sequence 5‟..AGCTCACTG..3‟. What wi

This outcome reflects nucleic acid structure and recombination, where hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Option B captures this correctly because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, consistent with textbook descriptions and experimental observations in molecular biology.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

A plasmid DNA when digested with EcoRI gave a single band of 16 Kb. When the same plasmid was digested with BamHI it gav

This outcome reflects nucleic acid structure and recombination, where hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Option B captures this correctly because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, consistent with textbook descriptions and experimental observations in molecular biology.

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, Chapter 5, DNA Replication and Repair, discusses Holliday junction formation during homologous recombination and replication fork dynamics ensuring genome duplication and stability.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

The DNA binding domain of a transcription factor that is specifically required for the regulation of gene A is exchanged

The principle of nucleic acid structure and recombination explains that hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Hence Gene B only fits best because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, as documented in authoritative sources on molecular biology.

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, Chapter 5, DNA Replication and Repair, discusses Holliday junction formation during homologous recombination and replication fork dynamics ensuring genome duplication and stability.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

From among the options given below, RNA polymerase II transcribes which one of the following?

The principle of nucleic acid structure and recombination explains that hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Hence MicroRNA fits best because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, as documented in authoritative sources on molecular biology.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

The A ₂₆₀ of a plasmid solution after 100-fold dilution is 0.2. Given that A ₂₆₀ of 1.0 represents 50 μg/ml of DNA and t

The principle of nucleic acid structure and recombination explains that hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Hence 1.0 μg/μl and 50 μg fits best because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, as documented in authoritative sources on molecular biology.

Ref: Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 8th Edition, Chapter 8, RNA Processing and Translation, covers mRNA hairpins, puromycin mechanism and aminoacyl-tRNA function governing protein synthesis and translational regulation.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

Competent cells prepared in your lab have a transformation efficiency of 10 ⁸ cfu/μg of plasmid DNA. These competent cel

The principle of nucleic acid structure and recombination explains that hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. Hence 10 ² fits best because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, as documented in authoritative sources on molecular biology.

Ref: Watson et al., Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Edition, Chapter 9, Transcription and RNA Processing, describes RNA hairpin formation, secondary structures and regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

A 20mer DNA contains A, G and C only. In how many ways can this DNA sequence be constructed?

Mechanistically, nucleic acid structure and recombination involves hairpin formation, Holliday junction resolution and translation control ensure fidelity. This validates 3 ²⁰ because it matches molecular mechanisms of gene expression, a pattern repeatedly demonstrated in molecular biology research.

Ref: Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 8th Edition, Chapter 8, RNA Processing and Translation, covers mRNA hairpins, puromycin mechanism and aminoacyl-tRNA function governing protein synthesis and translational regulation.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

Microscopic evaluation of a post-mortem brain exhibits hyperchromatic areas when stained with glial fibrillary acidic pr

enzyme catalysis and lipid structure analysis shows substrate affinity, transition state stabilization and phospholipid composition govern function. Consequently astrocytes emerges as the valid choice since it reflects catalytic efficiency and membrane organization, aligning with established principles in biochemistry literature.

Ref: Nelson and Cox, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 7th Edition, Chapter 6, Enzyme Kinetics and Regulation, discusses Michaelis-Menten equation, transition state stabilization and allosteric control supporting enzyme function and metabolic regulation.

View Details

Biochemistry - Part 2

There are reports of more than 100 mutations at different sites of Factor IX that manifests Haemophilia B. This is an ex

In biochemistry, enzyme catalysis and lipid structure dictates that substrate affinity, transition state stabilization and phospholipid composition govern function. Therefore allelic heterogeneity is correct as it reflects catalytic efficiency and membrane organization, supported by mechanistic studies and conserved across related systems.

Ref: Nelson and Cox, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 7th Edition, Chapter 6, Enzyme Kinetics and Regulation, discusses Michaelis-Menten equation, transition state stabilization and allosteric control supporting enzyme function and metabolic regulation.

View Details