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Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Questions covering the mechanical behavior of fluids, including viscosity, surface tension, pressure variation, and principles like Bernoulli’s theorem and continuity equation.

274 questions

Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

Which of the following is true about the coefficient of volume expansion compared to the coefficient of linear expansion

The coefficient of volume expansion (αv) is three times the coefficient of linear expansion (αl), as αv = 3αl (Section 10.5). As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to αv\=3αl. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option C is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Ideal Gas Law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

What happens to the boiling point of a liquid when external pressure decreases?

Decreasing external pressure reduces the energy needed for molecules to escape into the vapor phase, lowering the boiling point, as seen in high-altitude cooking. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to It decreases. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Ideal Gas Law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

What is the primary factor affecting the volume expansion of a gas compared to solids and liquids?

Gases expand much more than solids and liquids due to their higher coefficient of volume expansion, which is temperature-dependent and significantly larger (Section 10.5). As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to Coefficient of volume expansion. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option D is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Ideal Gas Law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

Which of the following is true about latent heat during a phase change?

Latent heat is the heat absorbed or released per unit mass during a phase change without a temperature change (Section 10.8.1, Q = mL). As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to It changes the state without changing temperature. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option D is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Chapter 11: Thermal Properties – Calorimetry.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

Which of the following is true about the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales at the ice point?

At the ice point (freezing of water at standard pressure), Celsius is 0∘C and Fahrenheit is 32∘F (Section 10.3). As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to Celsius is 0∘, Fahrenheit is 32∘. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option D is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Thermal Properties and Gravitation.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

A brass cube of side 15cm at 35∘C is heated to 135∘C. What is the increase in its surface area if one face is 225cm2? (α

Given: A0 = 225cm2 (one face), total surface area = 6×225 = 1350cm2, ΔT = 135−35 = 100∘C, αl = 1.8×10−5K−1. Area expansion: ΔA = A0×2αlΔT. For total surface area: ΔA = 1350×2×1.8×10−5×100 = 1350×3.6×10−3 = 4.86cm2.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Chapter 11: Thermal Properties – Calorimetry.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

Which of the following correctly relates the coefficients of linear and area expansion?

The coefficient of area expansion is approximately twice the coefficient of linear expansion (ΔA/A≈2αlΔT), as area involves two dimensions. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to Area coefficient is twice the linear coefficient. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option C is scientifically correct.

Ref: University Physics, Chapter 17: Thermal Expansion.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

A manometer with whole blood (ρ\=1.06×103kg/m3) shows a height difference of 0.18m. What is the pressure difference? (Ta

ΔP = ρgh. ρ = 1.06×103kg/m3, g = 10m/s2, h = 0.18m. ΔP = 1.06×103×10×0.18 = 1908Pa. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 1908 Pa. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Ideal Gas Law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

A spray tube (7cm2) has 35 holes of diameter 1.2mm. If the flow speed is 3.0m/min, what is the ejection speed?

A1v1 = A2v2, v1 = 3.0m/min = 0.05m/s, A1 = 7×10−4m2. Hole area: Ah = π(0.6×10−3)2, total A2 = 35×π×3.6×10−7≈3.958×10−5m2. v2 = 7×10−4×0.053.958×10−5≈0.884m/s. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 0.9 m/s. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option C is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Thermal Properties and Gravitation.

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Fluid Pressure, Pascal's Law and Manometers

A plate of area 0.07m2 moves at 0.3m/s over a 0.5mm thick water film (η\=1.0×10−3Pa s). What force is required?

Viscous force: F = ηvAl. η = 1.0×10−3Pa s, v = 0.3m/s, A = 0.07m2, l = 0.5×10−3m. F = 1.0×10−3×0.3×0.070.5×10−3 = 1.0×10−3×42 = 0.042N. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 0.042 N. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Thermal Properties and Gravitation.

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