Questions covering physical properties of organic compounds and their nucleophilic addition reactions, including carbonyl and related functional groups.
Wolff-Kishner reduction (NH₂NH₂,KOH) converts ketones to hydrocarbons. Butan-2-one (CH₃COCH₂CH₃) yields butane (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Wolff-Kishner reduction of hexan-3-one (CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₂CH₃) yields hexane (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃), a six-carbon hydrocarbon.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Clemmensen reduction (Zn(Hg), HCl) converts the carbonyl group of ketones to a methylene group (CH₂), unlike other methods that produce alcohols.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Step 1: LiAlH₄ reduces hexanoic acid (CH₃(CH₂)₄COOH) to hexan-1-ol (CH₃(CH₂)₅OH). Step 2: Clemmensen-like reduction (not direct) or dehydration followed by hydrogenation could work, but Wolff-Kishner on the derived ketone fits PDF scope.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Clemmensen reduction (Zn(Hg),HCl) converts ketones to hydrocarbons. Acetophenone (C₆H₅COCH₃) yields ethylbenzene (C₆H₅CH₂CH₃).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Reduction of propanal (CH₃CH₂CHO) with NaBH₄ yields propan-1-ol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces ketones to secondary alcohols. Acetophenone (C₆H₅COCH₃) forms 1-phenylethanol (C₆H₅CH(OH)CH₃).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces ketones to secondary alcohols. Butan-2-one (CH₃COCH₂CH₃) forms butan-2-ol (CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces 3-methylbutan-2-one (CH₃COCH(CH₃)₂) to 3-methylbutan-2-ol (CH₃CH(OH)CH(CH₃)₂), a secondary alcohol.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces 4-methylpentan-2-one (CH₃COCH₂CH(CH₃)₂) to 4-methylpentan-2-ol (CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂), a secondary alcohol.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces ketones to secondary alcohols. Cyclohexanone (C₆H₁₀O) forms cyclohexanol (C₆H₁1OH).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
NaBH₄ reduces heptan-4-one (CH₃CH₂CH₂COCH₂CH₂CH₃) to heptan-4-ol (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CH₂CH₃), a secondary alcohol.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
