Which of the following statements about primary productivity is correct?
Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the total energy captured by producers, including the energy lost during respiration. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Plant Physiology - Photosynthesis, Respiration and Plant Growth, Topic: Physiological processes and regulation.