Island

Island

Equilibrium model assumes:

“Colonization and extinction rates balance” for equilibrium model assumes. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“Species number continually increases”, “Extinction rate decreases”, “Immigration rate constantly increases”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and t

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Smaller fragments typically have:

“Lower species richness” for smaller fragments typically have. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Larger islands usually support more habitats and larger populations, lowering extinction risk; less isolated islands receive colonists more readily and may experience rescue effects. These mechanisms also apply to habitat fragments that function as ecological islands. The remaining alternatives—“Higher genetic diversity”, “Increased species richness”, “Stable species populations”—refer to

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Colonization rate over time:

“Balanced by extinction” for colonization rate over time. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Larger islands usually support more habitats and larger populations, lowering extinction risk; less isolated islands receive colonists more readily and may experience rescue effects. These mechanisms also apply to habitat fragments that function as ecological islands. The remaining alternatives—“Always increasing”, “Always decreasing”, “Unpredictable”—refer to different states, processes, or s

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Islands close to mainland show:

“High colonization and low extinction” for islands close to mainland show. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“High colonization and high extinction”, “Low colonization and low extinction”, “Low colonization and high extinction”—refer to different states, processes, or sc

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

The 'source pool' refers to:

“Mainland or nearby habitat” for the 'source pool' refers to. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“Island itself”, “Island vegetation”, “Predation pressures”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and therefore do not express the same causal relationship. Island b

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Island expected to have lowest species richness:

“Small far from mainland” for island expected to have lowest species richness. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Island biogeography explains species richness as a dynamic balance between immigration and extinction. Immigration generally declines as an island fills with species, whereas extinction rises as more species divide finite area and maintain smaller populations. The remaining alternatives—“Large near mainland”, “Small near mainland”, “Large far from mainland”—refer to differ

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Equilibrium species number is reached when:

“Colonization equals extinction” for equilibrium species number is reached when. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Larger islands usually support more habitats and larger populations, lowering extinction risk; less isolated islands receive colonists more readily and may experience rescue effects. These mechanisms also apply to habitat fragments that function as ecological islands. The remaining alternatives—“Colonization rate exceeds extinction”, “Extinction exceeds colonization”, “I

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Physical connectivity affects:

“Species richness” for physical connectivity affects. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“Genetic drift”, “Mutation rates”, “Immigration rates only”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and therefore do not express the same causal relationship. Island biogeogra

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Fragment size directly influences:

“Species richness” for fragment size directly influences. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Larger islands usually support more habitats and larger populations, lowering extinction risk; less isolated islands receive colonists more readily and may experience rescue effects. These mechanisms also apply to habitat fragments that function as ecological islands. The remaining alternatives—“Species reproduction rates”, “Mutation rates”, “Species lifespan”—refer to different states, proces

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Larger islands typically exhibit:

“Lower extinction rates” for larger islands typically exhibit. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Island biogeography explains species richness as a dynamic balance between immigration and extinction. Immigration generally declines as an island fills with species, whereas extinction rises as more species divide finite area and maintain smaller populations. The remaining alternatives—“Higher immigration rates”, “Lower immigration rates”, “Higher predation rates”—refer to different stat

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Isolation-controlled immigration is affected by:

“Island distance” for isolation-controlled immigration is affected by. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“Island size”, “Island vegetation”, “Island shape”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and therefore do not express the same causal relationship. Island b

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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Island

Colonization primarily refers to:

“Immigration of new species” for colonization primarily refers to. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. At equilibrium, species identities can continue to turn over even when richness is approximately stable. The model predicts a balance of rates, not an absence of colonization or extinction. The remaining alternatives—“Emigration of existing species”, “Population growth”, “Speciation events”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and therefore do not express the same causal re

Ref: The Theory of Island Biogeography, MacArthur & Wilson, Ch. 2-4

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