Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

Which of the following is a common method to detect ultraviolet rays?

**Gamma rays** λ10¹⁹ Hz, produced by nuclear transitions and radioactive decay, associated with nuclear processes because nuclear energy levels MeV vs atomic eV, highest photon energy, used in cancer treatment due to high penetration and cell damage, also sterilization, astronomy. The document mentions that ultraviolet rays can be detected using photocells and photographic film. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Photocells, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave in vacuum has a frequency of \( 15 \, \text{MHz} \). What is its wavelength? (Given \( c = 3 \ti

**Ultraviolet** λ≈10-400 nm, produced by atomic transitions and Sun, causes fluorescence, sterilization, harmful to eyes/skin, absorbed by ozone layer. **X-rays** λ≈10⁻² to 10 nm, produced by rapid deceleration of energetic electrons in X-ray tube, used in medicine for diagnosis (shadow of bones) and cancer therapy due to high ionization and penetration, detected by photographic film and Geiger counter. Using v λ = c , we have λ = (c/v) = (3 × 10⁸/15 × 10⁶) = 20 m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 20 m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave has a wave number \( k = 2 \, \text{rad/m} \). What is its wavelength in vacuum?

**Gamma rays** λ10¹⁹ Hz, produced by nuclear transitions and radioactive decay, associated with nuclear processes because nuclear energy levels MeV vs atomic eV, highest photon energy, used in cancer treatment due to high penetration and cell damage, also sterilization, astronomy. The wave number k = (2 π/λ) . Given k = 2 rad/m , we have λ = (2 π/k) = (2 π/2) = π ≈ 3.14 m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 3.14 m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave travels in vacuum with frequency \( 10 \, \text{MHz} \). What is its wavelength? (Given \( c = 3

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. Using v λ = c , we have λ = (c/v) = (3 × 10⁸/10 × 10⁶) = 30 m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 30 m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

What is the primary difference between various types of electromagnetic waves according to the document?

**Ultraviolet** λ≈10-400 nm, produced by atomic transitions and Sun, causes fluorescence, sterilization, harmful to eyes/skin, absorbed by ozone layer. **X-rays** λ≈10⁻² to 10 nm, produced by rapid deceleration of energetic electrons in X-ray tube, used in medicine for diagnosis (shadow of bones) and cancer therapy due to high ionization and penetration, detected by photographic film and Geiger counter. The document states that the basic difference between various types of electromagnetic waves lies in their wavelengths or frequencies, as they all travel at the same speed in vacuum. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

Why are ultraviolet lamps used in water purifiers?

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. UV lamps are used to kill germs in water purifiers due to their ability to damage living organisms, as mentioned in the document. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields To kill germs, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave in vacuum with frequency \( 50 \, \text{MHz} \)? (Given \( c = 3 \time

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. Using v λ = c , we have λ = (c/v) = (3 × 10⁸/50 × 10⁶) = 6 m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 6 m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave in vacuum has a frequency of \( 75 \, \text{MHz} \). What is its wavelength? (Given \( c = 3 \ti

**Gamma rays** λ10¹⁹ Hz, produced by nuclear transitions and radioactive decay, associated with nuclear processes because nuclear energy levels MeV vs atomic eV, highest photon energy, used in cancer treatment due to high penetration and cell damage, also sterilization, astronomy. Using v λ = c , we have λ = (c/v) = (3 × 10⁸/75 × 10⁶) = 4 m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 4 m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

Gamma rays are used in medicine primarily for what purpose?

**Ultraviolet** λ≈10-400 nm, produced by atomic transitions and Sun, causes fluorescence, sterilization, harmful to eyes/skin, absorbed by ozone layer. **X-rays** λ≈10⁻² to 10 nm, produced by rapid deceleration of energetic electrons in X-ray tube, used in medicine for diagnosis (shadow of bones) and cancer therapy due to high ionization and penetration, detected by photographic film and Geiger counter. The document mentions that gamma rays are used in medicine to destroy cancer cells. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Destroying cancer cells, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

What is the approximate wavelength range of gamma rays as per the document?

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. The document states that gamma rays have wavelengths from about 10⁻¹⁰ m to less than 10⁻¹⁴ m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 10⁻¹⁰ m to 10⁻¹⁴ m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave in vacuum has a wavelength of \( 8 \, \text{m} \). What is its frequency? (Given \( c = 3 \times

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. Using v λ = c , we have v = (c/λ) = (3 × 10⁸/8) = 3.75 × 10⁷ Hz . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 3.75 × 10⁷ Hz, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details

Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

An electromagnetic wave has a wavelength of \( 3 \, \text{m} \) in vacuum. What is its wave number \( k \)?

**X-rays in medicine** treat certain cancers because high-energy photons ionize and damage DNA of malignant cells, also imaging because bones absorb more than tissue, contrast. Gamma rays from Co-60 used for radiotherapy, energy ≈1.17 and 1.33 MeV, highly penetrating. The wave number k = (2 π/λ) . Given λ = 3 m , k = (2 π/3) ≈ 2.09 rad/m . Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields 2.09 rad/m, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays and Their Properties

View Details