#ecological adaptation

Habitat Niche

Ecological niche includes dimensions like:

“Temperature, humidity, food resources, etc.” for ecological niche includes dimensions like. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Habitat describes where an organism occurs; niche additionally describes how it obtains resources and affects or responds to other organisms. Distribution therefore provides evidence about a niche but is not identical to it. The remaining alternatives—“Only temperature”, “Only food resources”, “Only geographical location”—refer to different states, processes,

Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 13

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Extinction Topic

Organisms with poor dispersal ability are more prone to extinction because:

“They cannot colonize new habitats” for organisms with poor dispersal ability are more prone to extinction because. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Human-driven habitat conversion, exploitation, introduced enemies, pollution, and climate change often interact rather than acting independently. Traits such as slow reproduction or ecological specialization can magnify vulnerability. The remaining alternatives—“They attract more predators”, “They breed slowly”, “They migrate often”—ref

Ref: Conservation Biology, Primack & Sher, 6th Ed., Ch. 7

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SPECIES INTERACTION

Epiphytes growing on trees without affecting them demonstrate:

Epiphytes use tree trunks and branches as physical support while obtaining water and mineral nutrients from rain, dust, atmospheric inputs, and accumulated debris rather than from the host’s vascular tissues. The epiphyte benefits by reaching brighter canopy conditions and gaining a substrate for attachment, whereas the tree is commonly assumed to experience no significant effect. This (+, 0) relationship is therefore classified as commensalism, more specifically inquilinism in broad treatments of organisms using another’s living space. It differs from parasitism because a typical epiphyte doe

Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 8-13

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BIODIVERSITY & IDH

Which of the following is a permanent adaptation to a specific environment?

An ecotype is a genetically differentiated population adapted to the characteristic conditions of a local habitat. Natural selection can favour different alleles in populations occupying contrasting soils, climates, elevations, or salinities, producing inherited differences in morphology, physiology, phenology, or stress tolerance. These traits remain when individuals are raised in a common environment, which distinguishes an ecotype from an ecad. An ecad is a reversible, environmentally induced phenotype generated by plasticity without stable genetic differentiation. A clone consists of genet

Ref: NCERT Biology Class 12, Ch. 15 Biodiversity and Conservation

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