Which factor primarily affects survivorship patterns?
Survivorship describes the proportion of an original cohort that remains alive at successive ages, so it is shaped by age-specific mortality. Parental care can strongly alter that mortality by protecting eggs or young, provisioning food, and teaching avoidance behavior. Greater care commonly shifts deaths away from early life and produces the late-loss pattern associated with Type I curves, although many other environmental and genetic influences also matter. Life-history traits should be interpreted as correlated tendencies rather than rigid packages. Adult survival, juvenile mortality, body
Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 12