Which law of thermodynamics states that all spontaneous processes increase the total entropy?
Second law correctly describes the effect or change asked about in this question. In Thermodynamics, understanding cause-and-effect relationships is essential for predicting biological outcomes. Second law occurs because of specific molecular interactions, thermodynamic principles, or regulatory mechanisms that govern this biological process. The other options (Zeroth law, First law, and Third law) describe either opposite effects, effects that occur under different conditions, or changes associated with unrelated processes.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 1