It is possible to obtain oxygen from air by fractional distillation because:
Oxygen has higher b.p than nitrogen correct as per chemistry principle.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Class XII — Coordination Compounds
#separation techniques
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Which purification technique is best suited for separating a steam-volatile, water-immiscible compound from water?
Steam distillation is ideal for compounds that are steam volatile and immiscible with water, as it vaporizes the compound below its boiling point with steam.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Some Basic Concepts, Structure of Atom, Periodicity and relevant Chemistry topic, Topic: Mole concept and periodic trends.
Which technique is most suitable for separating a mixture of C₆H₆ (b.p. 80°C) and C₇H₈ (b.p. 110°C)?
Simple distillation is used for liquids with boiling point differences > 25°C, like benzene (80°C) and toluene (110°C).
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Which technique is most suitable for separating a mixture of two solids, one of which is soluble in ethanol and the othe
Crystallization uses differential solubility (e.g., ethanol) to dissolve one solid and recrystallize it, leaving the insoluble one behind, ideal when melting points are irrelevant.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Which purification method is least suitable for separating a mixture of two solids with identical melting points but dif
Crystallization relies on melting point or solubility differences, ineffective here. Chromatography exploits Rf differences, making it suitable.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Which purification technique is used to separate a mixture of two miscible liquids with close boiling points?
Fractional distillation separates miscible liquids with boiling points differing by less than 25°C using a fractionating column.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Which purification method is most effective for separating a mixture of two solids with identical solubility in water bu
Sublimation separates based on sublimation temperature differences, effective when solubility is identical but one solid sublimes and the other does not.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Which purification technique is most effective for separating a mixture of two liquids, one boiling at 100°C and soluble
Differential extraction uses water to dissolve the soluble liquid (b.p. 100°C), separating it from the insoluble one (b.p. 120°C), leveraging solubility over boiling point difference.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Purification Methods - Crystallization Distillation Chromatography
Stationary phase in ion exchange is selected based on:
Ion exchange selectivity depends on net surface charge of analyte at operating pH relative to matrix charge. For proteins, net charge is determined by relationship between buffer pH and isoelectric point pI. At pH above pI, protein is negatively charged and binds anion exchanger; below pI, it binds cation exchanger. Therefore stationary phase choice and pH optimization require consideration of pI, ensuring target molecule bears appropriate charge for binding while contaminants differ. Molecular mass influences gel filtration but not ion exchange, while solubility governs partition methods. Und
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.
