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rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is the structural and catalytic component of ribosomes, aiding in protein synthesis.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Regulation of Gene Expression - Lac Operon
Prokaryotic ribosome sediments at 70S, consisting of small 30S subunit with 16S rRNA and 21 proteins and large 50S subunit with 23S plus 5S rRNAs and 33 proteins. S values are not additive because shape influences hydrodynamic behavior. 70S ribosome decodes bacterial mRNAs containing Shine-Dalgarno sequences, sensitive to antibiotics like chloramphenicol and tetracycline targeting bacterial-specific features. Cytosolic eukaryotic ribosome is larger at 80S, while mammalian mitochondrial ribosome is 55S, illustrating evolutionary divergence from bacterial ancestor despite shared ancestry. This r
Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 7th ed., Chapter 6, Bacterial 70S ribosome composition 30S plus 50S
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