Which scientist succeeded in transmitting electromagnetic waves over long distances, marking the beginning of communicat
**Radio waves** effective for long-distance communication because low frequency waves diffract around Earth curvature and reflect from ionosphere, enabling beyond line-of-sight, used in AM (≈10⁶ Hz) ground wave, short wave sky wave. Microwaves used for satellite due to high frequency penetrates ionosphere and directional beam. The document mentions that Guglielmo Marconi transmitted electromagnetic waves over many kilometers, initiating communication technology. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Guglielmo Marconi, illustrating EM
Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Applications of EM Waves in Communication and Medicine
