A pond gradually turning into a forest is an example of:
A pond progressing toward marsh, meadow, shrubland, and eventually forest under a suitable climate is the classic hydrosere or hydrarch succession. Aquatic plants and phytoplankton add organic matter, while incoming mineral sediment is trapped by vegetation. Decomposition is incomplete in waterlogged conditions, so the basin gradually fills and becomes shallower. Submerged plants give way to floating and emergent vegetation, then sedges, grasses, shrubs, and terrestrial trees as soil aeration improves. Primary succession describes establishment where a prior soil community is absent and can in
Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 20
