11 public questions tagged with this topic.
Plasmodesmata traverse the cell walls and middle lamellae of neighbouring plant cells. They establish connections between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life Eukaryotic Cell - Cell Wall and Cell Membrane - Fluid Mosaic Model
Schwann proposed that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells. His work with Schleiden formed the basis of the cell theory.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life Cell Theory and Overview of Cell
Xylem is a part of the vascular tissue system, whereas stomata, trichomes, and epidermal cells belong to the epidermal tissue system.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissue System - Epidermal Ground and Vascular
The vascular tissue system, consisting of xylem and phloem, is responsible for the conduction of water, nutrients, and food in plants.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissue System - Epidermal Ground and Vascular
Ground tissue plays a major role in storage, support, and photosynthesis.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissue System - Epidermal Ground and Vascular
Comparative wood anatomy distinguishes groups clearly: gymnosperm xylem dominated by tracheids with torus-margo bordered pits providing safety, lacking vessels except Gnetophytes where vessels evolved independently, resulting softwood with high embolism resistance but lower conductivity limiting leaf size. Angiosperm xylem combines tracheids, fiber-tracheids, libriform fibers, axial parenchyma and wide vessel elements bearing perforation plates simple or scalariform allowing efficient bulk flow supporting large leaves and high transpiration rates required for rapid growth. Presence of vessels alongside true sieve tube-companion cell complexes defines flowering plant vascular syndrome, despite secondary xylem production in both lineages providing mechanical strength.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology, Chapter 6: Anatomy, vessel elements angiosperm vs gymnosperm tracheid
Angiosperm phloem comprises enucleate sieve tube elements interconnected via sieve plates with P-protein, each ontogenetically associated with companion cell derived from asymmetric division of same mother cell retaining nucleus. Companion cell retains dense cytoplasm, many mitochondria, nucleus and plasmodesmatal connections, sustaining sieve element metabolism, loading sucrose via H+ ATPase sucrose symport and synthesizing proteins transported through pore plasmodesmata units. Gymnosperm equivalent uses sieve cells and Strasburger albuminous cells without direct ontogenetic pairing. No such intimate physiological dependence exists with xylem vessels, tracheids or fibers conducting water or providing mechanical support, emphasizing phloem specialization unique to flowering plants.
Ref: Campbell Biology, 12th ed., Chapter 35: Phloem companion cells sieve tube elements association
Pick C: Cell walls and intercellular spaces. Thinking through MINERAL Transport step by step rules out the lookalikes and leaves Cell walls and intercellular spaces. Skip these: A) Cytoplasm; B) Plasmodesmata; D) Vacuoles. For hormones and genes, match the molecule or gene to its real role, not a neighboring pathway.
Ref: Best CSIR NET Plant Physiology books: Master Unit 6 with Taiz & Zeiger and Salisbury & Ross. Crack Part C experimental questions with top textbooks.
Pick B: In specialized tissues. Thinking through BASICS of PLANT step by step rules out the lookalikes and leaves In specialized tissues. Skip these: A) In all cells equally; C) Only in roots; D) Only in leaves. For hormones and genes, match the molecule or gene to its real role, not a neighboring pathway.
Ref: Best CSIR NET Plant Physiology books: Master Unit 6 with Taiz & Zeiger and Salisbury & Ross. Crack Part C experimental questions with top textbooks.
Gymnosperms (B) is correct here. This is core BASICS of PLANT: once you know the definition or pathway step, Gymnosperms is the clear fit. The wrong ones are A) Angiosperms; C) Monocots; D) Bryophytes. If the topic is about gradients or potentials, water/solutes move from higher to lower of the relevant quantity.
Ref: Best CSIR NET Plant Physiology books: Master Unit 6 with Taiz & Zeiger and Salisbury & Ross. Crack Part C experimental questions with top textbooks.
C fits best: Water and minerals. Keep the BASICS of PLANT basics straight and Water and minerals stands out as the precise answer. Avoid: A) Food; B) Hormones; D) Proteins. Light and flowering items often hinge on which photoreceptor or day-length rule is in play.
Ref: Best CSIR NET Plant Physiology books: Master Unit 6 with Taiz & Zeiger and Salisbury & Ross. Crack Part C experimental questions with top textbooks.
