Hamilton–Zuk hypothesis links sexual selection with:
Altruism benefits recipient at cost to actor, reducing direct fitness but increasing indirect fitness via relatives sharing genes. Hamilton's rule rb>c predicts altruism evolves when relatedness times benefit exceeds cost. Relatedness 0.5 for siblings, 0.25 for half-sibs, 0.125 for cousins, 0.75 for haplodiploid sisters explains worker sterility in Hymenoptera. Inclusive fitness includes direct plus indirect components. Eusociality, alarm calls and reciprocal altruism exemplify. Hence Parasite resistance captures kin selection logic underlying altruistic behavior. This concept integrates genet
Ref: Andersson, Sexual Selection, Princeton, Mate Choice and Good Genes.
