The following are terms which are used to describe sequence identities a. Homologs b. Paralogs c. Orthologs d. Analogs.
In genetics and biotechnology, metabolic engineering and inheritance dictates that exogenous gene introduction and pathway extension enable trait improvement. Therefore (a) and (c) is correct as it demonstrates metabolic extension and combinatorial biosynthesis, supported by mechanistic studies and conserved across related systems.
Ref: Pierce, Genetics: A Conceptual Approach, 6th Edition, Chapter 3, discusses genotype-phenotype correlation and inheritance patterns providing framework for genetic transmission and metabolic engineering.
