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As steric hindrance increases, reactivity decreases. Benzophenone has bulky phenyl groups, making it the least reactive. This follows from NCERT principle where relation explains outcome clearly for students.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Some Basic Concepts, Structure of Atom, Periodicity and relevant Chemistry topic, Topic: Mole concept and periodic trends.
Formaldehyde is the most reactive due to the absence of alkyl groups, which reduces steric hindrance and increases the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Relevant Chemistry topic covering principles and examples as per NCERT.
Carboxylic acids do not undergo nucleophilic addition reactions because the carbonyl carbon is less electrophilic due to resonance stabilization. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Relevant Chemistry topic covering principles and examples as per NCERT.
Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones: CH₃CHO (aldehyde) > CH₃COCH₃ (simple ketone) > C₆H₅COCH₃ (aromatic ketone, steric hindrance).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance and greater electrophilicity: CH₃CHO > C₆H₅CHO (aromatic, less reactive) > CH₃COCH₃.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Physical Properties and Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
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