Which of the following signaling pathways is NOT involved in morphogen action?
Morphogen patterning predominantly employs Hedgehog, Wnt and BMP pathways that support long-range diffusion, graded distribution and multiple fate thresholds via Gli, beta-catenin and Smad effectors. Sonic hedgehog patterns ventral neural tube and limb posterior bud, Wnt beta-catenin patterns anterior-posterior axis and limb dorsal-ventral, BMPs dorsalize neural tube and pattern digits via Smad-dependent enhancer activation and antagonism with Shh. JAK-STAT mediates cytokine and interferon responses, controlling proliferation, hematopoiesis and Drosophila germline stem cell self-renewal via sh
Ref: Wolpert et al., Principles of Development, 6th ed., Chapter 5: Morphogen Pathways and JAK-STAT Distinction.
