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#microorganisms

19 public questions tagged with this topic.

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is defined as:

Bioremediation encompasses deliberate application of biological agents including bacteria, archaea, fungi and plants to neutralize, transform, degrade or immobilize environmental pollutants, ultimately converting hazardous organics into less harmful end products such as carbon dioxide, water, chloride and inorganic salts. Indigenous genera Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus harbor catabolic plasmids TOL encoding toluene degradation, OCT for octane, NAH for naphthalene, and chromosomal genes nahAc non-heme iron dioxygenase, alkB integral membrane alkane hydroxylase, xylE catechol 2,3-dioxyg

Ref: EPA Bioremediation overview https://www.epa.gov/remedy/bioremediation; Vidali I J Green Chem 2001; NCERT Environmental Biotechnology.

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Basic Applied Biology

Which organism is used in coffee bean fermentation?

Coffee bean processing requires removal of pectin-rich mucilage layer surrounding parchment after pulping, a task accomplished through controlled microbial fermentation lasting 12 to 36 hours. Erwinia dissolvens, now taxonomically revised as Pantoea agglomerans, along with other enterobacteria such as Erwinia herbicola, initiates mucilage depolymerization by secreting extracellular polygalacturonase, pectin lyase and pectin methylesterase that hydrolyze alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues and methyl esters in pectic polysaccharides. This enzymatic breakdown drastically reduces viscos

Ref: Avallone et al. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology 2002 Coffee fermentation; Haile & Kang Int J Food Microbiol 2019.

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