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#medusa stage

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Animal Classification

Cnidarian class lacking medusa stage is

Among four major cnidarian classes Hydrozoa Scyphozoa Cubozoa and Anthozoa Anthozoa including sea anemones Order Actiniaria stony corals Scleractinia soft corals Alcyonacea and sea pens Pennatulacea display purely polypoidal organization throughout life cycle lacking free-swimming medusa stage. Polyps solitary or colonial with internal mesenteries partitioning gastrovascular cavity radially septa bearing muscles and gonads pedal disc attachment. Sexual reproduction via broadcast spawning or brooding planula settles. Absence medusa considered derived secondary loss emphasizing specialization fo

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology, Chapter 4: Anthozoa only polyp no medusa; Campbell Biology Chapter 33

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Animal Classification

Dominant medusa stage is found in

Cnidarian body forms include sessile polyp cylindrical with oral disc and pelagic medusa bell-shaped. Dominant medusa stage large free-swimming gelatinous with thick mesoglea prominent gonads within gastrodermis, nerve ring with sensory rhopalia found in Scyphozoa true jellyfishes where scyphomedusa develops from scyphistoma via strobilation producing ephyrae larvae and Cubozoa box jellies with cuboidal bell potent venom. Medusa is primary reproductive adult. Hydrozoa mostly polyp dominant except hydromedusae Anthozoa exclusively polypoid lacking medusa adapting mostly benthic predatory lifest

Ref: Campbell Biology, 12th ed., Chapter 33: Scyphozoa dominant medusa; NCERT Animal Kingdom

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