#Hippo pathway

Fertilization in mammals-iv

MST1/2, LATS1/2 pathways influence:

MST1/2 and LATS1/2 are core kinases of Hippo signaling pathway controlling first lineage decisions during morula-to-blastocyst transition. In inner apolar cells Hippo is active: MST1/2 phosphorylate LATS1/2 which phosphorylate YAP, sequestering it cytoplasmically and permitting Nanog, Oct4 expression for inner cell mass fate. In outer polar cells Hippo is off, unphosphorylated YAP translocates to nucleus, interacts with TEAD4 to induce Cdx2 and Gata3 driving trophectoderm differentiation and blastocoel formation. Thus pathway does not regulate acrosome or capacitation but blastocyst patterning

Ref: Korotkevich et al., Dev Cell 2017 & Nishioka et al., Dev Cell 2009: Hippo MST1/2 LATS1/2 YAP regulation of blastocyst trophectoderm.

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Cell Signaling Other Signaling Pathways

When Hippo pathway is inactive, YAP/TAZ bind to

TEAD transcription factors, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.

Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)

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Cell Signaling Other Signaling Pathways

Core kinases of Hippo pathway in mammals are

MST1/2 and LATS1/2, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.

Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)

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Cell Signaling Other Signaling Pathways

Hippo pathway primarily regulates

organ size and growth, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.

Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)

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