Which frequency range corresponds to short wave bands used for radio communication?
**Hertz experiment** produced radio waves using spark gap LC oscillator, detected with loop antenna, confirming Maxwell's prediction, frequency ≈10⁸ Hz, wavelength ≈3 m, demonstrating EM waves travel at c, transverse, can be reflected, refracted, polarized. The document states that frequencies up to 54 MHz are used for short wave bands in radio communication. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Up to 54 MHz, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.
Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Electromagnetic Spectrum - Radio Waves and Microwaves