A substance exists in protonated form with a pKa 4.7. The percentage of the protonated form at pH 5.7 will be close to
This outcome reflects enzyme catalysis and lipid structure, where substrate affinity, transition state stabilization and phospholipid composition govern function. Option C captures this correctly because it reflects catalytic efficiency and membrane organization, consistent with textbook descriptions and experimental observations in biochemistry.
Ref: Berg et al., Biochemistry, 9th Edition, Chapter 13, Metabolism and Bioenergetics, covers glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and NADH-linked reactions detailing biochemical principles.
