How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 0.5 kg of carbon from 25^circ C to 55^circ C ? (Specific heat of c
**Heat and work distinction** heat is energy transfer due to temperature difference, random molecular motion, work is organized energy transfer due to macroscopic force, e.g., piston movement, both path functions depend on process, not state, internal energy U state function depends only on state (T for ideal gas), ΔU path independent, Q and W path dependent but Q-W = ΔU path independent. Δ Q = m s Δ T . m = 0.5 , s = 600 , Δ T = 55 - 25 = 30 . Δ Q = 0.5 × 600 × 30 = 9000 J . Using first law ΔU = Q
Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Thermodynamics > Heat Transfer Work Distinction and Internal Energy Change