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#genetic translation

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Eukaryotes gene regulation

UGA codon normally codes for

Standard genetic code assigns three codons to termination: UAA ochre, UAG amber, UGA opal, recognized by release factor RF2 in bacteria and eRF1 in eukaryotes triggering peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis and ribosome dissociation. Sixty-one codons encode amino acids, three terminate. In most transcripts UGA functions as stop, least frequent in highly expressed bacterial genes. Its dual use for selenocysteine illustrates conditional reassignment where mRNA context redefines meaning, yet default decoding terminates protein synthesis. This plasticity demonstrates evolutionary flexibility where infrequent stop codon allows occasional recoding without globally disrupting proteome termination fidelity essential for accurate translation.

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Molecular Biology: Genetic Code – Stop Codons and UGA Function

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DNA

Inosine in tRNA is derived from:

Adenosine is the correct answer because it serves as the specific precursor, synthetic product, or metabolic intermediate described in this question. Biosynthetic pathways in Nucleic Acid follow precise enzymatic steps where specific substrates are converted to products through regulated metabolic reactions. Adenosine occupies a key position in this metabolic pathway due to its chemical structure and reactivity. The other options (Guanosine, Cytidine, and Uridine) are involved in different biosynthetic routes, serve as precursors for different end products, or participate in unrelated metabolic conversions.

Ref: Campbell Biology, Urry et al., 12th Ed.

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