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#genetic polymorphism

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Hardy-Weinberg equation

Which selection maintains polymorphism?

Negative frequency-dependent reflects key principle in quiz on section e- hardy-weinberg equation pyqs solved, where evolutionary mechanisms shape genetic variation and adaptation. In this context, Negative frequency-dependent aligns with experimental and theoretical evidence from population genetics, behavioral ecology and molecular phylogeny. Textbooks like Campbell Biology, Futuyma Evolution and Hartl Principles illustrate supporting data. Understanding why Negative frequency-dependent fits helps integrate natural selection, environment.

Ref: Hartl, Population Genetics, HWE Equation p2+2pq+q2.

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Molecular Marker

Which polymorphism is caused by replication slippage?

Mechanism of polymorphism generation differs among markers. Short Tandem Repeats arise from DNA polymerase slippage during replication where nascent strand misaligns on template in repetitive tract, adding or deleting few repeat units. This slippage model explains high mutation rate of microsatellites and multiallelic length variation. RFLP results from point mutation affecting restriction site, SNP from single nucleotide substitution, ISSR from amplification between microsatellite loci. Replication slippage specifically underlies STR variation, supporting use in population genetics where high variability is advantageous.

Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.

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