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#Gauss's law for magnetism

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Production of EM Waves and Hertz Experiment

Which of Maxwell's equations shows that there are no magnetic monopoles?

**Hertz experiment** used induction coil connected to two rods with gap, spark produced oscillating charge, emitted EM wave, received by loop with gap sparking when E induced, measured wavelength by standing wave, demonstrated EM wave properties, validating Maxwell. Gauss's Law for magnetism, oint B · d A = 0 , implies that the magnetic flux through a closed surface is zero, indicating no magnetic monopoles. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Gauss's Law for magnetism, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displaceme

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Production of EM Waves and Hertz Experiment

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Displacement Current and Ampere-Maxwell Law

According to Maxwell's equations, what does the equation \( \oint \mathbf{B} \cdot \mathrm{d} \mathbf{A} = 0 \) imply?

**Ampere-Maxwell law** ∮ B·dl = μ₀(I_c + ε₀ dΦ_E/dt) generalizes Ampere's law, displacement current arises from time-varying electric field, source of magnetic field like conduction current. For rate of change of flux 2×10¹¹ V·m/s, I_d = ε₀×2×10¹¹ =8.85×10⁻¹²×2×10¹¹=1.77 A. This is Gauss's Law for magnetism, which implies that there are no magnetic monopoles, as the net magnetic flux through a closed surface is zero. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields No magnetic monopoles exist, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Displacement Current and Ampere-Maxwell Law

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