In glycolysis, the conversion of 1 mol of fructose 1,6-biphosphate to 2 mol of pyruvate results in the formation of
Mechanistically, enzyme catalysis and lipid structure involves substrate affinity, transition state stabilization and phospholipid composition govern function. This validates 2 mol of NADH and 4 mol of ATP because it reflects catalytic efficiency and membrane organization, a pattern repeatedly demonstrated in biochemistry research.
Ref: Nelson and Cox, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 7th Edition, Chapter 6, Enzyme Kinetics and Regulation, discusses Michaelis-Menten equation, transition state stabilization and allosteric control supporting enzyme function.
