Which of the following represents the first law of thermodynamics?
ΔE = q + w accurately defines or describes the concept asked in this question. Within Thermodynamics, precise definitions and terminology are essential for clear scientific communication. The other options (ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, ΔS = k ln Ω, and q = mCΔT) either describe related but distinct concepts, use incorrect terminology, or confuse similar-sounding terms that have different scientific meanings. A thorough understanding of exact definitions helps distinguish between closely related biological concepts and is crucial for competitive examinations.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 1