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#estrogen

9 public questions tagged with this topic.

During which phase of the menstrual cycle do estrogen levels peak?

Estrogen levels gradually rise during the follicular phase and peak in the late follicular phase, just before the LH surge triggers ovulation. This follows from NCERT principle where relation explains outcome clearly for students.

Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Zoology section), Chapter: Biology - Zoology portion covering relevant system and function, Topic: Structural organization and physiology.

What concentration of estrogen caused population decline in fathead minnows?

Whole-lake experiments with the synthetic estrogen 17alpha-ethinylestradiol exposed fathead minnows to approximately 5–6 nanograms per litre and documented feminisation, reproductive failure, and a severe population decline. The result is ecologically important because nanogram concentrations can occur downstream of wastewater inputs. Endocrine pathways operate through high-affinity receptors, so a low mass concentration need not imply a weak biological response. Community-level consequences can emerge when physiological injury changes survival, reproduction, species interactions, or the flow

Ref: Campbell Biology, Urry et al., 12th Ed., Unit 8 Ecology