Convex-upward trade-off curves lead to:
Under the convention intended here, a convex-upward trade-off makes distributed reproductive effort advantageous, so iteroparity yields better lifetime fitness than concentrating all effort at once. The conclusion depends on what the axes represent and how curvature is defined. Biologically, the shape describes whether incremental reproductive investment causes accelerating or decelerating costs to survival and future fecundity. Selection can favor a large terminal effort when future survival is poor or when concentrating resources yields accelerating fecundity gains. Repeated breeding is favo
Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 5
