Ruderal species occur in environments with:
“Low stress, high disturbance” for ruderal species occur in environments with. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Survivorship curves summarize age-specific mortality: Type I concentrates loss late in life, Type II approximates a constant hazard, and Type III concentrates loss early. They are empirical patterns, not rigid taxonomic rules. The remaining alternatives—“High competition, high disturbance”, “Low disturbance, high stress”, “High competition, low disturbance”—refer to differ
Ref: Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes, Grime, 2nd Ed.