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d-block elements (groups 3–12) have electrons filling d-orbitals. Mn (group 7) is a d-block element, while Ga (p-block), Rb (s-block), and Kr (p-block) are not.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Modern Periodic Law and Present Form - Long Form Periodic Table
In period 5 d-block (Y to Cd), Tc (group 7) achieves a +7 oxidation state (e.g., in Tc₂O₇) due to the availability of d-electrons, unlike Zr, Nb, or Mo.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Genesis of Periodic Classification - Dobereiner Newlands Mendeleev
In period 5 d-block (Y to Cd), electronegativity increases across. Pd (group 10) has the highest electronegativity due to its position and nuclear charge.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Genesis of Periodic Classification - Dobereiner Newlands Mendeleev
In period 4 d-block (Sc to Zn), density increases with atomic mass and decreases with volume. Cu (group 11) has the highest density due to its compact structure.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Anomalous Properties and Second Period and Chemical Reactivity
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