Which of the following is a characteristic of d-block elements?
d-block elements (transition metals) often exhibit variable oxidation states due to the availability of (n-1)d electrons. This follows from NCERT principle where relation explains outcome clearly for students.
Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Some Basic Concepts, Structure of Atom, Periodicity and relevant Chemistry topic, Topic: Mole concept and periodic trends.