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Boiling points depend on intermolecular forces: Butanone (weak dipole-dipole) < Butanal (stronger dipole-dipole) < Butan-1-ol (H-bonding).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids > Topic: Reactions due to α-Hydrogen - Aldol, Cannizzaro and Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
Butan-1-ol (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH), a primary alcohol, is oxidized to butanoic acid (CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH) with KMnO₄, a strong oxidant.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Preparation of Phenols and Ethers - Williamson and Other Methods
Primary alcohols undergo dehydration to give mainly terminal alkenes like but-1-ene.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Alcohols - Dehydration Oxidation Esterification
HI with red phosphorus converts 1-butanol to 1-iodobutane ( CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂I ) via substitution.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Nature of C-X Bond and Methods of Preparation
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