A water sample of volume 3litres is compressed by a pressure of 4×106N/m2. If the bulk modulus of water is 2.2×109N/m2,
Bulk modulus: B = −pΔVV. Rearrange: ΔVV = −pB = −4×1062.2×109≈−1.82×10−3. Volume: V = 3litres = 3×10−3m3. Change in volume: ΔV = ΔVV×V = −1.82×10−3×3×10−3≈−5.45×10−6m3. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 5.45×10−6m3. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.
Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Ideal Gas Law: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.