Which microscopy technique provides pseudo 3D-like images and uses polarized light?
Differential interference contrast creates a striking pseudo-three-dimensional relief appearance of transparent specimens. It employs plane-polarized light split by a Wollaston or Nomarski prism into two orthogonally polarized, closely spaced beams that traverse adjacent points in the sample. Different optical path lengths introduce phase gradients, and after passing through a second prism the beams recombine and interfere. Edges with steep refractive index changes appear highlighted with shadow-cast contrast. This optical sectioning reveals detailed morphology of living protists, nuclei and c
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.
