Biosensor component converting biological signal to electrical signal is:
Biosensor architecture integrates three functional modules working in concert: bioreceptor such as enzyme, antibody, aptamer or whole cell conferring molecular recognition specificity, transducer that converts biorecognition event into quantifiable physical signal, and signal processing display unit amplifying and presenting output. Transducer role remains pivotal because biochemical interactions like enzyme-substrate turnover producing protons or hydrogen peroxide, antibody-antigen binding causing mass change, or DNA hybridization changing charge do not inherently generate electrical signals
Ref: Tuan Vo-Dinh et al. Biosensors and Bioelectronics Handbook; Alberts Cell Ch signal transduction devices; Nature Biotech 2020 review.
