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A Barr body is an inactivated X chromosome in female lls, ensuring dosage compensation. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Morphology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants, Topic: Plant structure and tissue systems.
A Barr body is an inactivated X chromosome in female cells, ensuring dosage compensation.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation Monohybrid Dihybrid and Test Cross
Dosage compensation in female mammals equalizes X-linked gene expression relative to XY males. One X chromosome randomly inactivates early embryogenesis through coating by XIST long noncoding RNA expressed from inactive X, recruitment of Polycomb repressive complex 2 depositing H3K27 trimethylation, H2A K119 ubiquitination, promoter DNA methylation and late replication shift. Condensed inactive X persists as heterochromatic Barr body at nuclear periphery in interphase somatic nuclei, detectable in buccal smears or neutrophil drumsticks. It remains transcriptionally silent except pseudoautosoma
Ref: Mary Lyon Hypothesis 1961; Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 9th ed., Chapter 8: Barr Body Inactive X Chromosome
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