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#aquatic succession

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Climax community of a hydrarch succession is usually:

Hydrarch, or hydrosere, succession begins in a freshwater habitat such as a pond and, under suitable regional climate, proceeds toward a terrestrial community. Phytoplankton and submerged plants trap sediment and add organic matter. As the basin becomes shallower, floating plants, reeds, and sedges colonize; marsh and swamp stages may follow. Continued sedimentation, peat formation, transpiration, and soil development reduce open water and permit shrubs and trees. In a humid climate capable of supporting woodland, the conventional textbook endpoint is forest. A pond is the starting habitat, wh

Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 20