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#ammonia

16 public questions tagged with this topic.

CHEMISTRY

In Kjeldahl’s method, which base is used to liberate ammonia from the digested sample?

NaOH is added to the digested sample ( (NH₄)2SO₄ ) to liberate NH₃, which is then distilled and titrated. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.

Ref: NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XI and XII, Chapter: Some Basic Concepts, Structure of Atom and Periodicity, Topic: Mole concept, atomic models and periodic trends.

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Dictyostelium

Ammonia favors differentiation into:

Ammonia, catabolic byproduct accumulating within slug interior, influences cell fate and timing of culmination. Elevated ammonia increases intracellular cAMP via inhibition of RegA phosphodiesterase, activates PKA, and promotes prespore gene expression while suppressing prestalk vacuolization. Tip region, where ammonia volatilizes, maintains lower concentration permitting prestalk differentiation. In vitro monolayer assays demonstrate ammonium chloride addition favors prespore markers and inhibits ecmB induction. Low ammonia would favor prestalk. Ammonia does not directly drive migration or di

Ref: Cell Reports, Ammonia regulation of Dictyostelium cell fate - prespore promotion and prestalk repression.

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Fertilization in mammals-lll

High ammonia in Dictyostelium favors:

In Dictyostelium slug ammonia is metabolic waste acting as signaling molecule regulating cell fate proportion. High ammonia concentration, generated by protein catabolism, inhibits prestalk differentiation by antagonizing DIF-1 signaling and raising intracellular pH, favoring prespore gene expression including spore coat proteins and promoting slug migration rather than stalk formation. Low ammonia permits DIF-1 dependent prestalk maturation and culmination into stalk cells. In sorus ammonia drop triggers terminal differentiation. Thus elevated ammonia within slug microenvironment biases towar

Ref: Feit et al., Development 2001: Ammonia as morphogen regulating Dictyostelium spore versus stalk differentiation and slug migration.

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Ionic Equilibrium - Acids Bases and pH and Ionization of Weak Acids Bases

For N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) 2NH₃(g) , Kp = 4.0 × 10⁻³ at 600 K. If 1 mole of N₂ and 3 moles of H₂ are in a 2 L vessel, what is PN

Initial: PN₂ = (1 × 0.0831 × 600/2) = 24.93 bar , PH₂ = 74.79 bar . Let 2x be PNH₃ , PN₂ = 24.93 - x , PH₂ = 74.79 - 3x . Kp = ((PNH₃)²/PN₂ (PH₂)³) = ((2x)²/(24.93 - x)(74.79 - 3x)³) = 4.0 × 10⁻³ . Solving, x ≈ 0.8 , PNH₃ = 2 × 0.8 = 1.6 bar .

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Equilibrium > Topic: Ionic Equilibrium - Acids Bases and pH and Ionization of Weak Acids Bases

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Laws of Chemical Combination - Conservation Mass Definite Multiple

A mixture of 4 g H₂ and 56 g N₂ is used to synthesize NH₃. What is the maximum mass of NH₃ produced? (Molar masses: H₂ =

Reaction: N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃. Moles: H₂ = 2 mol, N₂ = 2 mol. H₂ limits. 2 mol H₂ reacts with (2/3) mol N₂, producing (4/3) mol NH₃ = (4/3) × 17 ≈ 22.67 g.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 1: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry > Topic: Laws of Chemical Combination - Conservation Mass Definite Multiple

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