Practice question

**Aerials produce radio waves** by rapid acceleration/deceleration of electrons in antenna driven by AC, frequency equals driving frequency, for 60 MHz, λ=c/f=3×10⁸/60×10⁶=5 m, half-wave antenna length λ/2=2.5 m, efficient radiation when antenna size comparable to λ. Gamma rays have much higher energy due to their extremely short wavelengths, enabling them to penetrate tissues and cause ionization, which damages cells, unlike visible light. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Higher energy, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.