Practice question

**Production of EM waves** requires accelerated charge, oscillating LC circuit produces changing E and B, antenna radiates when charge accelerates, frequency determined by L and C, f=1/(2π√(LC)). Hertz used spark gap with inductor and capacitor, produced ~10⁸ Hz radio waves, detected with loop, confirmed transverse nature, reflection, refraction, polarization, speed c. Electromagnetic waves are transverse, meaning their electric and magnetic fields oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation, allowing the orientation of these fields to be manipulated for polarization. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Transverse nature, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.