Practice question

**Interaction of dipole with uniform field** produces pure couple without net force, equal opposite forces forming torque. Potential energy minimum -pE at alignment, maximum +pE at anti-alignment, governing orientation dynamics. Quantization of charge means that charge exists in discrete units, with the smallest unit being the charge of an electron or proton ( e ). All observable charges are integer multiples of this fundamental unit, reflecting this property. Substituting values gives Quantization, which matches expected magnitude for this electrostatic configuration, confirming Coulomb's and Gauss's principles and charge quantization consistency.