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What is the expression for displacement current as given in the document?

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**X-rays and gamma rays in medicine** X-rays imaging because bone absorbs more than tissue, contrast, CT scan uses multiple X-ray projections, gamma knife uses focused gamma rays to destroy tumor with minimal surrounding damage, illustrating high-energy EM wave medical use. The document provides the expression for displacement current as i_d = ε₀ (d Φ_E/dt) , where Φ_E is the electric flux. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields i_d = ε₀ (d Φ_E/dt), illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

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