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Question

The stopping potential for photoelectrons from a metal is \( 2.0 \, \text{V} \) when illuminated with
light of frequency \( 6.0 \times 10^{14} \, \text{Hz} \). What is the work function in eV? (Take \( h =
6.63 \times 10^{-34} \, \text{J s} \), \( e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{C} \))

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Explanation

**De Broglie wavelength** λ = h/p = h/(m v) = h/√(2 m e V) for electron accelerated through V, for V=100 V λ= h/√(2 m e×100)=1.227/√V nm=0.1227 nm, for 50 V 0.173 nm, for particle mass 3.0×10⁻³⁰ kg v=10⁶ m/s λ=6.63×10⁻³⁴/(3×10⁻³⁰×10⁶)=2.21×10⁻¹⁰ m=0.221 nm, inversely proportional to momentum, property inversely proportional to de Broglie wavelength is momentum. E = h v = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ × 6.0 × 10¹⁴ = 3.978 × 10⁻¹⁹ J . E = (3.978 × 10⁻¹⁹/1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹) ≈ 2.486 eV . Kₘₐₓ = e V₀ = 2.0 eV . Φ₀ = E - Kₘₐₓ = 2.486 - 2.0 = 0.486 eV

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