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Question

In Rutherford’s model, what is the ratio of the size of the nucleus to the size of the atom if the
nuclear radius is \( 10^{-15} \, \text{m} \) and atomic radius is \( 10^{-10} \, \text{m} \)?

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Explanation

**De Broglie hypothesis** λ = h/p, p=mv momentum, suggests electron as wave, in Bohr model circumference 2πr = n λ, standing wave condition, n wavelengths fit into orbit, for n=6, 6 wavelengths, for n=4, 4 wavelengths, explains quantization of angular momentum L = r p = r h/λ = r h n/(2πr)= n h/2π = n ħ, physical basis for Bohr quantization. Ratio = (nuclear radius/atomic radius) = (10⁻¹⁵/10⁻¹⁰) = 10⁻⁵ . Using E_n = -13.6/n² eV, r_n = n² a₀, L = n h/2π, R = R₀ A^¹/³, BE = Δm c² and 1 u = 931.5 MeV, evaluation yields 10⁻⁵, consistent with Bohr

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