Practice question

**Magnetic moment of loop** m = N I A (A·m²), potential energy U = -m·B = -N I A B cosθ, torque tends to align m with B. For square side 0.18 m, A = 0.0324 m², N=30, I=2 A, B=0.4 T, θ=60°, τ =30×2×0.0324×0.4×sin60° =0.7776×0.866=0.673 N·m, illustrating large torque for modest parameters. Force F = I l B sin θ . F = 5 × 0.8 × 0.8 × sin 30° = 4 × 0.8 × 0.5 = 1.6 N . Using F = q v B sinθ, F = I l B sinθ, B = μ₀ I/(2π r), B = μ₀ N I/(2R)