Practice question

**Ferromagnetism** shows large positive χ ≈ 10³ to 10⁵, strong attraction, domain structure with spontaneous magnetization, hysteresis, retentivity. Distinction based on sign and magnitude of χ and behaviour in non-uniform field, explaining attraction versus repulsion. The magnetic field strength of a bar magnet decreases with distance as the field lines spread out, reducing their density and thus the field intensity, following an inverse cube relationship ( B ∝ 1/r³ ) for a dipole at large distances. Substituting values gives The field lines spread out, which matches expected magnitude for this magnetic configuration, confirming dipole field dependence on m/r³ and torque relation τ = m B sinθ.